Comparative Analysis of Bachelor of Medical Programs in Afghanistan and Pakistan

Abstract

This research manuscript aims to compare medical bachelor's degree programs in Pakistan and Afghanistan, focusing on curriculum content, teaching methods, and learning objectives. The primary objectives are to identify similarities between the medical curricula of the two countries and to understand the differences that highlight the distinct healthcare challenges faced by each nation's academic institutions. Using document analysis and a comparative qualitative approach, the study examines educational materials from prominent institutions in both countries. It addresses several research questions, including the core components of medical curricula, program similarities, and the methods used to teach medical issues in each context. The findings indicate notable differences in curriculum structure and content: Pakistan's MBBS program typically spans six years and emphasizes the integration of basic and clinical sciences.

In comparison, Afghanistan's MD program lasts seven years and adopts a discipline-based approach. Although both programs cover fundamental medical knowledge, they differ in how cultural elements and practical training opportunities are incorporated. Ultimately, this study aims to provide recommendations for enhancing medical education in both countries, promoting more effective training programs that meet the evolving healthcare needs of their populations. By highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of these educational systems, the research contributes to the ongoing discourse on improving medical training in resource-constrained settings.