Role of Universities in Developing Employability in Afghanistan

Abstract

This study investigates the role of universities in the development of employability in Afghanistan, focusing on the perceptions of faculty members, students, and employers regarding work-related skills across public universities. Using a qualitative research design, the study employs semi-structured interviews with 73 participants selected through convenient sampling from Nangarhar, Laghman, and Kunar universities. The interview data are analyzed thematically using manual techniques. The findings reveal a generally positive perception among teachers regarding the role of universities in fostering employability. They believe that the current curriculum integrates employability skills, aligns with market needs, and delivers job-related skills effectively through various teaching methods. Most students also feel that the Afghan curriculum aligns with current employment market demands, although they acknowledge certain challenges and offer constructive suggestions. In contrast, employers’ perceptions differ, indicating that while recently graduated students are eager and possess some job-related skills, they still lack essential employment skills. Recommendations for curriculum improvements are provided based on these findings. In conclusion, while the Afghan university curriculum is designed to help students acquire employment skills and secure jobs in their field of study, it requires updates to better meet current job market needs.